Soil phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient element that plant need for growth, which can be affected by the increasing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and the changes in soil microbial biomas...

Electrokinetic (EK) remediation technology is a method of remediating heavy-metal contaminated soil by applying a low-density direct current across the soil. The EK process mainly involves two proc...

Mammalian herbivores (e.g. cattle, sheep, deer, rabbits) can affect plant diversity, vegetation structure and ecosystem productivity. The changes in vegetation characteristics may in turn affect ab...

Human activities have led to a continuous decline in the number of animal populations on a global scale. The impact of herbivores on plants has thus received increasing scholarly attention.

In high-altitude temperate forests, freeze-thaw cycles damage the hydraulic transport function of woody species by inducing embolisms in xylem conduits. Winter embolism may have severe negative eff...